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Top 10 Programming Languages Of The Future

Top 10 Programming Languages Of The Future

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Ruehie Jaiya Karri
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April 18, 2022
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3 min read
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The future of coding is difficult to predict because different people have unique perspectives and sectors in which they work. For example, an IT employee would see things differently than someone working within the gaming industry does. So there are many factors that go into making this decision-making process challenging for anyone trying to guess what will be popular tomorrow or five years from now!

But some languages stand out as being ahead of their game: Python has been around since 2002 while Java was adopted early last century; you can’t beat these classics when it comes down to finding something stable enough yet innovative at exactly the same time. Nevertheless, there are plenty of newer languages that show promise and could soon take over as the most popular coding dialects.

What are programming languages?

A programming language is essentially a set of rules and symbols used to communicate instructions to a computer. It’s like learning a foreign language, but instead of communicating with humans, you’re communicating with machines.

Think of a computer as a highly intelligent but incredibly literal assistant. It can perform complex tasks, but it needs precise instructions on how to do so. Programming languages provide this set of instructions.

Types of Programming Languages

There are countless programming languages, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. They can be categorized based on their purpose, complexity, and syntax.

  • Low-level languages: These languages are closer to machine code, offering granular control over hardware but requiring deep technical knowledge. Examples include Assembly language.
  • High-level languages: These languages are more human-readable and easier to learn. They abstract away much of the hardware complexity. Examples include Python, Java, C++, and JavaScript.
  • Scripting languages: These languages are often interpreted rather than compiled, making them suitable for rapid development. Examples include Python, Ruby, and Perl.

Top Future Programming Languages

So without further ado, let’s check out the top 10 future programming languages so you can choose for yourself which might be the best programming language for you.

Top Programming Languages Devs Should Be Looking At

Java

The popularity of Java isn’t waning any time soon, as it is still one of the most important popular back-end programming languages in demand for hiring managers looking to fill positions. With a long history dating back to 1995, Java has maintained its relevance due to its stability and versatility. Those with experience coding in Java are able to work on a wide range of projects due to the language’s ability to be used in both back-end and frontend development. One downside to Java is that it can be difficult to learn, so those without a background in coding may find it challenging to get up to speed.

JavaScript

JavaScript is a language that is used on the front end of websites and applications. It allows developers to create dynamic and interactive user interfaces, making it a popular choice for web development. In recent years, JavaScript has also become more popular in the back-end due to its ability to be used in Node.js. JavaScript can be difficult to learn, but there are many online resources available to help beginners get started. These resources can help you understand how JavaScript works and how to use it.

Python

Python has been around since 2002 and is one of the most popular future coding languages. It is known for its readability, making it a good choice for beginners. Python is also versatile and can be used for both back-end and frontend development as well as data science tasks. The downside to Python is that it can be slow when compared to other languages.

Also, read: Code In Progress – The Life And Times Of Developers

Kotlin

Kotlin is a newer language that has been gaining popularity in recent years. It was created by JetBrains, the same company that created IntelliJ IDEA, a popular Java development environment. Kotlin is a statically typed language that runs on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and has been designed to interoperate with Java code. It is one of the most growing programming languages.One advantage of Kotlin is that it is concise, meaning that developers can create code that is more readable and efficient. Another advantage of Kotlin is that it offers null safety, which helps reduce the number of errors produced by null pointer exceptions.

R

R is a language that is used for data analysis and statistical computing. It is popular among data scientists because it offers a wide range of libraries that can be used for data manipulation and analysis. R is also a programming language, which means that code can be written in order to automate tasks. One drawback to R is that it can be difficult to learn, especially for those who are not familiar with statistics.

C/C++

C and C++ are two of the most popular programming languages. They are both low-level languages that offer a lot of flexibility and can be used for a variety of tasks. C and C++ are also relatively easy to learn, making them a good choice for beginners. One disadvantage to these languages is that they can be difficult to debug. Additionally, C and C++ are not as popular as other languages, so it may be difficult to find developers who are skilled in using them.

Go

Go is a relatively newer language that was created by Google in 2009. It is a compiled language that offers fast performance and is easy to learn. Go is also popular among web developers because it can be used for both back-end and frontend development. The only catch of Go is that it is not as popular as other languages, so it may be difficult to find developers who are skilled in using it.

PHP

PHP is a scripting language that is used for web development. It is a popular choice for small websites and applications because it is easy to learn and use. PHP is also a server-side language, which means that it runs on the server and generates HTML that is sent to the browser. The only downside to PHP is that it is not as popular as other languages and may be difficult to find developers who are skilled in using it.

Swift

Swift is one of the emerging programming languages that was created by Apple in 2014. It is a fast, safe, and expressive language that was designed for developing iOS and macOS apps. Swift is also open source and has been ported to run on Linux. One advantage of Swift is that it is easy to learn. Another advantage of Swift is that it offers type inference, which makes code more readable and eliminates the need for explicit type annotations.

C#

C# is a Microsoft language that was created in 2001. It is a statically typed language that is designed for developing Windows-based applications. C# is also an object-oriented language, which means that it offers features such as classes, inheritance, and polymorphism. One advantage of C# is that it is easy to learn. Another advantage of C# is that it offers type safety, which helps reduce the number of errors produced by incorrect code. The limitation to using C# is that it can be difficult to find developers who are skilled in using it.

Build a future-ready team with HackerEarth

Hackathons are a great way to test the problem-solving skills of candidates as well as assess their knowledge of a particular programming language. They are also popular among developers as a way to learn new programming languages and improve their skills.

The most used programming languages by popularity for hackathons are Java, Python, and JavaScript. However, newer languages such as Go and Swift are becoming more popular. These Hackathons offer an opportunity to explore different programming languages and see which ones work best for you.

Also, read: Building Future-Ready Tech Teams

HackerEarth is the most popular online coding platform for recruiters and developers. With over 40+ programming languages, it offers a rich library of questions to assess problem-solving skills and knowledge of a particular programming language.

Some of the key features and benefits of HackerEarth are:

– It is the most popular online coding platform for recruiters and developers with over 40+ programming languages.

– It offers a rich library of questions to assess problem-solving skills and knowledge of a particular programming language.

– It has a global community of developers with over 1 million registered users.

– It offers an AI-based assessment engine that helps identify the best candidates for a role.

If you are looking for some of the best programming languages to learn, this list is a great place to start!

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Author
Ruehie Jaiya Karri
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April 18, 2022
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3 min read
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How I used VibeCode Arena platform to build code using AI and leant how to improve it

I Used AI to Build a "Simple Image Carousel" at VibeCodeArena. It Found 15+ Issues and Taught Me How to Fix Them.

My Learning Journey

I wanted to understand what separates working code from good code. So I used VibeCodeArena.ai to pick a problem statement where different LLMs produce code for the same prompt. Upon landing on the main page of VibeCodeArena, I could see different challenges. Since I was interested in an Image carousal application, I picked the challenge with the prompt "Make a simple image carousel that lets users click 'next' and 'previous' buttons to cycle through images."

Within seconds, I had code from multiple LLMs, including DeepSeek, Mistral, GPT, and Llama. Each code sample also had an objective evaluation score. I was pleasantly surprised to see so many solutions for the same problem. I picked gpt-oss-20b model from OpenAI. For this experiment, I wanted to focus on learning how to code better so either one of the LLMs could have worked. But VibeCodeArena can also be used to evaluate different LLMs to help make a decision about which model to use for what problem statement.

The model had produced a clean HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. The code looked professional. I could see the preview of the code by clicking on the render icon. It worked perfectly in my browser. The carousel was smooth, and the images loaded beautifully.

But was it actually good code?

I had no idea. That's when I decided to look at the evaluation metrics

What I Thought Was "Good Code"

A working image carousel with:

  • Clean, semantic HTML
  • Smooth CSS transitions
  • Keyboard navigation support
  • ARIA labels for accessibility
  • Error handling for failed images

It looked like something a senior developer would write. But I had questions:

Was it secure? Was it optimized? Would it scale? Were there better ways to structure it?

Without objective evaluation, I had no answers. So, I proceeded to look at the detailed evaluation metrics for this code

What VibeCodeArena's Evaluation Showed

The platform's objective evaluation revealed issues I never would have spotted:

Security Vulnerabilities (The Scary Ones)

No Content Security Policy (CSP): My carousel was wide open to XSS attacks. Anyone could inject malicious scripts through the image URLs or manipulate the DOM. VibeCodeArena flagged this immediately and recommended implementing CSP headers.

Missing Input Validation: The platform pointed out that while the code handles image errors, it doesn't validate or sanitize the image sources. A malicious actor could potentially exploit this.

Hardcoded Configuration: Image URLs and settings were hardcoded directly in the code. The platform recommended using environment variables instead - a best practice I completely overlooked.

SQL Injection Vulnerability Patterns: Even though this carousel doesn't use a database, the platform flagged coding patterns that could lead to SQL injection in similar contexts. This kind of forward-thinking analysis helps prevent copy-paste security disasters.

Performance Problems (The Silent Killers)

DOM Structure Depth (15 levels): VibeCodeArena measured my DOM at 15 levels deep. I had no idea. This creates unnecessary rendering overhead that would get worse as the carousel scales.

Expensive DOM Queries: The JavaScript was repeatedly querying the DOM without caching results. Under load, this would create performance bottlenecks I'd never notice in local testing.

Missing Performance Optimizations: The platform provided a checklist of optimizations I didn't even know existed:

  • No DNS-prefetch hints for external image domains
  • Missing width/height attributes causing layout shift
  • No preload directives for critical resources
  • Missing CSS containment properties
  • No will-change property for animated elements

Each of these seems minor, but together they compound into a poor user experience.

Code Quality Issues (The Technical Debt)

High Nesting Depth (4 levels): My JavaScript had logic nested 4 levels deep. VibeCodeArena flagged this as a maintainability concern and suggested flattening the logic.

Overly Specific CSS Selectors (depth: 9): My CSS had selectors 9 levels deep, making it brittle and hard to refactor. I thought I was being thorough; I was actually creating maintenance nightmares.

Code Duplication (7.9%): The platform detected nearly 8% code duplication across files. That's technical debt accumulating from day one.

Moderate Maintainability Index (67.5): While not terrible, the platform showed there's significant room for improvement in code maintainability.

Missing Best Practices (The Professional Touches)

The platform also flagged missing elements that separate hobby projects from professional code:

  • No 'use strict' directive in JavaScript
  • Missing package.json for dependency management
  • No test files
  • Missing README documentation
  • No .gitignore or version control setup
  • Could use functional array methods for cleaner code
  • Missing CSS animations for enhanced UX

The "Aha" Moment

Here's what hit me: I had no framework for evaluating code quality beyond "does it work?"

The carousel functioned. It was accessible. It had error handling. But I couldn't tell you if it was secure, optimized, or maintainable.

VibeCodeArena gave me that framework. It didn't just point out problems, it taught me what production-ready code looks like.

My New Workflow: The Learning Loop

This is when I discovered the real power of the platform. Here's my process now:

Step 1: Generate Code Using VibeCodeArena

I start with a prompt and let the AI generate the initial solution. This gives me a working baseline.

Step 2: Analyze Across Several Metrics

I can get comprehensive analysis across:

  • Security vulnerabilities
  • Performance/Efficiency issues
  • Performance optimization opportunities
  • Code Quality improvements

This is where I learn. Each issue includes explanation of why it matters and how to fix it.

Step 3: Click "Challenge" and Improve

Here's the game-changer: I click the "Challenge" button and start fixing the issues based on the suggestions. This turns passive reading into active learning.

Do I implement CSP headers correctly? Does flattening the nested logic actually improve readability? What happens when I add dns-prefetch hints?

I can even use AI to help improve my code. For this action, I can use from a list of several available models that don't need to be the same one that generated the code. This helps me to explore which models are good at what kind of tasks.

For my experiment, I decided to work on two suggestions provided by VibeCodeArena by preloading critical CSS/JS resources with <link rel="preload"> for faster rendering in index.html and by adding explicit width and height attributes to images to prevent layout shift in index.html. The code editor gave me change summary before I submitted by code for evaluation.

Step 4: Submit for Evaluation

After making improvements, I submit my code for evaluation. Now I see:

  • What actually improved (and by how much)
  • What new issues I might have introduced
  • Where I still have room to grow

Step 5: Hey, I Can Beat AI

My changes helped improve the performance metric of this simple code from 82% to 83% - Yay! But this was just one small change. I now believe that by acting upon multiple suggestions, I can easily improve the quality of the code that I write versus just relying on prompts.

Each improvement can move me up the leaderboard. I'm not just learning in isolation—I'm seeing how my solutions compare to other developers and AI models.

So, this is the loop: Generate → Analyze → Challenge → Improve → Measure → Repeat.

Every iteration makes me better at both evaluating AI code and writing better prompts.

What This Means for Learning to Code with AI

This experience taught me three critical lessons:

1. Working ≠ Good Code

AI models are incredible at generating code that functions. But "it works" tells you nothing about security, performance, or maintainability.

The gap between "functional" and "production-ready" is where real learning happens. VibeCodeArena makes that gap visible and teachable.

2. Improvement Requires Measurement

I used to iterate on code blindly: "This seems better... I think?"

Now I know exactly what improved. When I flatten nested logic, I see the maintainability index go up. When I add CSP headers, I see security scores improve. When I optimize selectors, I see performance gains.

Measurement transforms vague improvement into concrete progress.

3. Competition Accelerates Learning

The leaderboard changed everything for me. I'm not just trying to write "good enough" code—I'm trying to climb past other developers and even beat the AI models.

This competitive element keeps me pushing to learn one more optimization, fix one more issue, implement one more best practice.

How the Platform Helps Me Become A Better Programmer

VibeCodeArena isn't just an evaluation tool—it's a structured learning environment. Here's what makes it effective:

Immediate Feedback: I see issues the moment I submit code, not weeks later in code review.

Contextual Education: Each issue comes with explanation and guidance. I learn why something matters, not just that it's wrong.

Iterative Improvement: The "Challenge" button transforms evaluation into action. I learn by doing, not just reading.

Measurable Progress: I can track my improvement over time—both in code quality scores and leaderboard position.

Comparative Learning: Seeing how my solutions stack up against others shows me what's possible and motivates me to reach higher.

What I've Learned So Far

Through this iterative process, I've gained practical knowledge I never would have developed just reading documentation:

  • How to implement Content Security Policy correctly
  • Why DOM depth matters for rendering performance
  • What CSS containment does and when to use it
  • How to structure code for better maintainability
  • Which performance optimizations actually make a difference

Each "Challenge" cycle teaches me something new. And because I'm measuring the impact, I know what actually works.

The Bottom Line

AI coding tools are incredible for generating starting points. But they don't produce high quality code and can't teach you what good code looks like or how to improve it.

VibeCodeArena bridges that gap by providing:

✓ Objective analysis that shows you what's actually wrong
✓ Educational feedback that explains why it matters
✓ A "Challenge" system that turns learning into action
✓ Measurable improvement tracking so you know what works
✓ Competitive motivation through leaderboards

My "simple image carousel" taught me an important lesson: The real skill isn't generating code with AI. It's knowing how to evaluate it, improve it, and learn from the process.

The future of AI-assisted development isn't just about prompting better. It's about developing the judgment to make AI-generated code production-ready. That requires structured learning, objective feedback, and iterative improvement. And that's exactly what VibeCodeArena delivers.

Here is a link to the code for the image carousal I used for my learning journey

#AIcoding #WebDevelopment #CodeQuality #VibeCoding #SoftwareEngineering #LearningToCode

The Mobile Dev Hiring Landscape Just Changed

Revolutionizing Mobile Talent Hiring: The HackerEarth Advantage

The demand for mobile applications is exploding, but finding and verifying developers with proven, real-world skills is more difficult than ever. Traditional assessment methods often fall short, failing to replicate the complexities of modern mobile development.

Introducing a New Era in Mobile Assessment

At HackerEarth, we're closing this critical gap with two groundbreaking features, seamlessly integrated into our Full Stack IDE:

Article content

Now, assess mobile developers in their true native environment. Our enhanced Full Stack questions now offer full support for both Java and Kotlin, the core languages powering the Android ecosystem. This allows you to evaluate candidates on authentic, real-world app development skills, moving beyond theoretical knowledge to practical application.

Article content

Say goodbye to setup drama and tool-switching. Candidates can now build, test, and debug Android and React Native applications directly within the browser-based IDE. This seamless, in-browser experience provides a true-to-life evaluation, saving valuable time for both candidates and your hiring team.

Assess the Skills That Truly Matter

With native Android support, your assessments can now delve into a candidate's ability to write clean, efficient, and functional code in the languages professional developers use daily. Kotlin's rapid adoption makes proficiency in it a key indicator of a forward-thinking candidate ready for modern mobile development.

Breakup of Mobile development skills ~95% of mobile app dev happens through Java and Kotlin
This chart illustrates the importance of assessing proficiency in both modern (Kotlin) and established (Java) codebases.

Streamlining Your Assessment Workflow

The integrated mobile emulator fundamentally transforms the assessment process. By eliminating the friction of fragmented toolchains and complex local setups, we enable a faster, more effective evaluation and a superior candidate experience.

Old Fragmented Way vs. The New, Integrated Way
Visualize the stark difference: Our streamlined workflow removes technical hurdles, allowing candidates to focus purely on demonstrating their coding and problem-solving abilities.

Quantifiable Impact on Hiring Success

A seamless and authentic assessment environment isn't just a convenience, it's a powerful catalyst for efficiency and better hiring outcomes. By removing technical barriers, candidates can focus entirely on demonstrating their skills, leading to faster submissions and higher-quality signals for your recruiters and hiring managers.

A Better Experience for Everyone

Our new features are meticulously designed to benefit the entire hiring ecosystem:

For Recruiters & Hiring Managers:

  • Accurately assess real-world development skills.
  • Gain deeper insights into candidate proficiency.
  • Hire with greater confidence and speed.
  • Reduce candidate drop-off from technical friction.

For Candidates:

  • Enjoy a seamless, efficient assessment experience.
  • No need to switch between different tools or manage complex setups.
  • Focus purely on showcasing skills, not environment configurations.
  • Work in a powerful, professional-grade IDE.

Unlock a New Era of Mobile Talent Assessment

Stop guessing and start hiring the best mobile developers with confidence. Explore how HackerEarth can transform your tech recruiting.

Vibe Coding: Shaping the Future of Software

A New Era of Code

Vibe coding is a new method of using natural language prompts and AI tools to generate code. I have seen firsthand that this change makes software more accessible to everyone. In the past, being able to produce functional code was a strong advantage for developers. Today, when code is produced quickly through AI, the true value lies in designing, refining, and optimizing systems. Our role now goes beyond writing code; we must also ensure that our systems remain efficient and reliable.

From Machine Language to Natural Language

I recall the early days when every line of code was written manually. We progressed from machine language to high-level programming, and now we are beginning to interact with our tools using natural language. This development does not only increase speed but also changes how we approach problem solving. Product managers can now create working demos in hours instead of weeks, and founders have a clearer way of pitching their ideas with functional prototypes. It is important for us to rethink our role as developers and focus on architecture and system design rather than simply on typing c

Vibe Coding Difference

The Promise and the Pitfalls

I have experienced both sides of vibe coding. In cases where the goal was to build a quick prototype or a simple internal tool, AI-generated code provided impressive results. Teams have been able to test new ideas and validate concepts much faster. However, when it comes to more complex systems that require careful planning and attention to detail, the output from AI can be problematic. I have seen situations where AI produces large volumes of code that become difficult to manage without significant human intervention.

AI-powered coding tools like GitHub Copilot and AWS’s Q Developer have demonstrated significant productivity gains. For instance, at the National Australia Bank, it’s reported that half of the production code is generated by Q Developer, allowing developers to focus on higher-level problem-solving . Similarly, platforms like Lovable or Hostinger Horizons enable non-coders to build viable tech businesses using natural language prompts, contributing to a shift where AI-generated code reduces the need for large engineering teams. However, there are challenges. AI-generated code can sometimes be verbose or lack the architectural discipline required for complex systems. While AI can rapidly produce prototypes or simple utilities, building large-scale systems still necessitates experienced engineers to refine and optimize the code.​

The Economic Impact

The democratization of code generation is altering the economic landscape of software development. As AI tools become more prevalent, the value of average coding skills may diminish, potentially affecting salaries for entry-level positions. Conversely, developers who excel in system design, architecture, and optimization are likely to see increased demand and compensation.​
Seizing the Opportunity

Vibe coding is most beneficial in areas such as rapid prototyping and building simple applications or internal tools. It frees up valuable time that we can then invest in higher-level tasks such as system architecture, security, and user experience. When used in the right context, AI becomes a helpful partner that accelerates the development process without replacing the need for skilled engineers.

This is revolutionizing our craft, much like the shift from machine language to assembly to high-level languages did in the past. AI can churn out code at lightning speed, but remember, “Any fool can write code that a computer can understand. Good programmers write code that humans can understand.” Use AI for rapid prototyping, but it’s your expertise that transforms raw output into robust, scalable software. By honing our skills in design and architecture, we ensure our work remains impactful and enduring. Let’s continue to learn, adapt, and build software that stands the test of time.​

Ready to streamline your recruitment process? Get a free demo to explore cutting-edge solutions and resources for your hiring needs.

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